Here are the main types of microscopy techniques that I use to image stuff around us.
Light Microscopy
Darkfield Microscopy
This is a slight modification to normal light microscopy where the object appears bright on a dark background. This is what people use to commonly image live organisms.
Polarized Microscopy
Similar to dark field microscopy where objects appear bright on dark background but here we use special kind of light that allows us to see hidden details. Different objects bend different colors of light differently which we see as pretty colors of rainbow in crystals.
Fluorescence Microscopy
We shine UV light on sample and it emits visible light. We then use special filters to filter out the UV light and only look at the emitted light. We use this to see tiny movements in cells.
